자료 없이 듣고 한 거라 번역미스가 있을지도 ㅡㅅ-);;;

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누구냐! 나와라!

어째서냐

PROLOGUE

기폭

적당히 하는 게 어떤가?

누구냐?

부정한 이 세상을 살아가면서 거기에 죄를 더할 생각은 아니겠지?

네놈은

하트랜드의 신부

스스로는 깨닫지 못하겠지?

너희들의 마음은 비명을 지르고 있단다.

신께 구원을 받도록 하라.

이 몸이 행복한 천계로 이끌어 주마.

헛소리마!

괴로워 하라. 그 고통이 너희들의 마음 속 더러움을 정화시켜 줄 거다.

고통이 크면 클 수록 천계의 행복도 커지게 되는 법.

그것이 하트랜드 정교의 가르침이다.

천계에 행복을 이루는 것

방해하지 마라

살인은 그만 둬

이건 성스러운 일이다

제시

제시

날 집어던지다니 배짱도 좋은 걸

이름을 물어보고 싶군

제시, 제시 무어

------

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녀석 어디에 있는 거야

조사 결과는?

이걸 봐

이 별을 잡으려고 떠났다고 해

그런가

그래서 목적지는?

오르코 성계 쪽인 거 밖에는 알 수 없었어

오르코 성게?

또 빠져나간 건가

괜찮아. 반드시 쫓아갈테니까

제시

방랑하는 어린 양을 구원하는 것이 우리들 하트랜드에 있는 신부의 임무다.

네 녀석을 천계에 상큼히 데려다 주마.

난 술취한 놈과 싸우고 싶지 않아

뭐라구

저기요

넌 뭐냐

저는 테레누입니다.

여러분들께 부탁이 있습니다.

..란 얘기는 그 악당들로부터 너를 호위하면 된다는 건가?

그렇습니다. 행성 가네트까지.

행성 가네트까지?

흠, 재밌는 얘기로군

제시, 네 녀석과의 승부는 그 뒤로 미루지

테레누씨.

네?

죄송한 얘기지만 그 의뢰는 거절하겠습니다.

뭐야? 매정하구만

아니면 뭔가

이 소년에게 조금 여자가 말을 걸었다고 질투하는 건가?

닥쳐

티아나는 동생이다.

동생?

동생이라고

그래. 난 동생밖에 될 수 없는 거겠지

동..생.이라

좋아, 만전을 기했겠지?

당신, 제시와는 어떤 관계?

좀 전에 만난 게 전부지

그런데, 녀석이라면 할 수 있어.

피가 끓는 걸

제시

제시

아깐 미안해

쓸데없는 말해서

그 배를 조금이라도 빨리 찾아서 쫓아가야..라고 생각했던지라..

알아 사실 티아나가 말하는 게 옳지

지금 생판 남의 의뢰따위 받을 여유가 없지

무, 무슨 일이야

아, 아무것도 아니야

곤란한 사람을 보면 그냥 지나칠 수 없는 거지 제시는

분명히 의뢰를 받아들일거라 생각했어

테레누가 말한 행성 가네트는 오르코 성계의 제 4 행성이야.

테레누의 소리다

넌 여기 있어

테레누는?

녀석들이

제길

어이 제시

뭐하는 놈이야

제길, 대체 왜 내가 이런 짓을 해야하는 거야

좋아, 지금이다

녀석 뭐 이리 빨라

흥, 얼마나 빠른가 테스트해볼까?

네

녀석이 안 보이는군요

여기까지 쫓아온 것만해도 대단하… 으윽

개색휘가

개늠이 눈은 어따 두고…

어이 누가 오는데

심야의 조깅이라 건강한 생활이구만

멈춰 죽고싶지 않으면

서둘러야 한다고

여긴 우리 허가 없인 못 가지

네 놈 면상이 맘에 안 드는 걸

죽어줘야 겠어

잠시 빌리지

남의 물건 빼앗다니 나쁜 놈

이놈~

당신도 참

오, 이거 제법일세

젊은 것치고는

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어찌되었건 무사해서 다행이야

아까는 조금 방심했지만 이걸로 당신을 노리는 녀석이 있다는 건 확실하군

내가 꼭 붙어있어주겠어

어때 테레누

나와 시간 좀 내주겠나?

기분 전환겸 한 잔 마시지

기쁘지만 조금 피곤해서

오늘밤은 쉬고싶네요

그거 유감일…

티아나

뭐야 제시

티아나가 없어

뭐야?

이건

제시, 수고했어

티아나를 구하고 싶으면

행성 가네트의 우주항에 혼자 오도록

테레누에게

속았다

이미 도망갔어

어떻게 할까 제시

파오롱

파오롱

티아나가 납치됐다.

어디 있는지 찾아봐 줘.

뭐야

시끄럽잖아, 모처럼 편히 자고있었…

누구야? 여긴 어디야?

나 말인가? 나는 파오롱일세.

자네는 지금 내 몸 속이지.

뭐라고?

당신의 몸 속이라고?

그렇지. 나는 생체 우주선일세.

생…체… 우주선?

이해가 되려나?

나는 일 억년 역사를 지닌 콘테인 문명의 최고 걸작 중 하날세.

뭐, 자네들 수준의 머리론 상상도 못하겠지만

뭐라는 거야 이 자식

내 보내줘!

아아 그렇게 화내지 말라고

원한다면 밖에 내보내 줄 수도 있지

어~이

파오롱, 티아나는?

기다려 봐, 조사하고 있어

음, 이 이미 행성엔 없는 거 같군

티아나

파오롱, 행성 가네트로 향해 줘.

제시, 괜찮겠나?

목적한 상대를 마지카까지 쫓았는데 도중에 딴짓할 여유는 없…

닥치고 가 달라고

목적한 상대?

대체 뭘 하려던 거야?

그건 할아버지가 소중히여겼던 거다.

이제 네게 전해줘도 될 거 같구나.

제시, 소중히 간직하렴

생일 축하한다

고마워요.

소마즈씨

오, 꽤나 멋진 시계로구나

그럼 나도 생일 축하 선물을 하나 해볼까?

아들을 잠시 데려가겠습니다.

네

자 전부터 보고싶어하던 대 망원경이다.

한번 들여다 보거라

어? 정말 괜찮아요?

그래.

괜찮니?

제시, 제시~

티아나

누구?

파고스입니다.

들어오세요

테레누님, 제시녀석이.

어떻게 됐다는 거죠?

이 행성 가네트의 우주항에

어느새?

비스마크의 경계도 걸리지 않고 어떻게?

행성의 위성 궤도 내에 녀석의 것으로 보이는 우주선을 발견했습니다만

제시는 혼자서?

이걸 보시죠

테레누님, 녀석이라면 반드시 원하는 걸 가져와줄 거라 확신합니다.

나도 그렇게 믿고 싶어요.

데려온 애는?

불쌍하게도

이것도 모두 비스마크가를 위해

제시란 놈이 살아있다고?

정말인가? 테레누

직접 확인하면 되잖아

기대되는군.

5년 전보다 얼마나 파워업했는지 내가 확인해 보지.

내려달라면 내려 줘!

제시 혼자서 오라고 했네.

지금은 어설프게 움직이지 않는 게 좋아.

진득히 앉아있을 때가 아니잖아!

날 내려보내 줘.

날 내려보내 줘!

호오?

제시

오, 있다 있어!

알았나? 너희들은 끼지 않는다!

어디!

어떻게 된 거냐 제시! 덤벼봐라!

싸움은 싫어. 무기는 가지고 있지 않다.

남자라면 짐승이 돼라. 뜨거운 피를 끓어 올리며 싸워라!

크로스님! 크로스님!

짜식~

멈춰라 크로스

제라 누님

제시의 실력은 충분히 알았을 터

이 이상의 테스트는 필요 없다.

물러가거라.

크로스라고 헀나. 돌려줄 게.

응? 이건?

어느새?

이 짜식~

크로스!

뭐라고?　소도혼?

그 계곡에 들어가 파란 색 돌을 찾아와 줬음 해요.

파란 색 돌?

그건 뭐지?

당신은 상관할 바 없는 것

당신은 그저 그 돌이 있나 없나만 살펴보고 오면 되는 거예요.

거절한다면?

티아나!

티아나를 돌려받고 싶다면…

말하는 걸 들으세요.

테레누!

이쪽으로 와 주세요. 제시.

당신에게 좋은 물건을 빌려주겠어요.

이건 우리 비스마크가의 수집품이에요.

내가 무기를 쓰지 않는 건…

소도혼의 계곡에 들어가 돌아온 사람은 한 명도 없어요.

티아나를 구하고 싶으면…

제시, 무기를 골라요.

완고하군요. 그런 낡아빠진 총을

네 녀석은 내게 크게 창피를 줬지.

그래서 배웅하러 데리고 왔다구.

이 애를 구하고 싶다면 돌을 찾아 가지고 돌아와라!

반드시 돌아오지

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MOBIUS

기억

더럽혀진 이 세상을 구원하는 건 누구냐?

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이센스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

Direct3D 라이트로 3D 오브젝트가 보다 리얼하게 보일 수 있게 되었습니다. 신의 각 지오메트리 오브젝트는 사용된 장소와 라이트의 종류를 베이스로 해서 라이트가 조사됩니다. 이 튜토리얼의 샘플 코드에서는 라이트와 매터리얼에 대해서 설명합니다.

[DX9] 4.라이트의 작성과 사용 1 - 신 지오메트리 초기화


라이트를 사용하는 요건의 하나로 각 서피스에 법선이 포함되도록 할 필요가 있습니다. Lights 샘플 프로젝트에서는 새로운 커스텀 정점 타입을 사용합니다. 새로운 커스텀 정점형식에는 3D 위치와 서피스 법선을 포함합니다. 서피스 법선은 내부에서 Direct3D가 라이트의 계산을 하는데 사용됩니다.

struct CUSTOMVERTEX
{
    D3DXVECTOR3 position; // The 3D position for the vertex.
    D3DXVECTOR3 normal;   // The surface normal for the vertex.
};
// Custom flexible vertex format (FVF).
#define D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZ|D3DFVF_NORMAL)

// Create the vertex buffer.
if( FAILED( g_pd3dDevice->CreateVertexBuffer( 50*2*sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX),
                                           0 /*Usage*/, D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX,
                                           D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_pVB, NULL ) ) )
    return E_FAIL;

CUSTOMVERTEX* pVertices;
if( FAILED( g_pVB->Lock( 0, 0, (void**)&pVertices, 0 ) ) ) return E_FAIL;

for( DWORD i=0; i<50; i++ )
{
    FLOAT theta = (2*D3DX_PI*i)/(50-1);
    pVertices[2*i+0].position = D3DXVECTOR3( sinf(theta),-1.0f, cosf(theta) );
    pVertices[2*i+0].normal   = D3DXVECTOR3( sinf(theta), 0.0f, cosf(theta) );
    pVertices[2*i+1].position = D3DXVECTOR3( sinf(theta), 1.0f, cosf(theta) );
    pVertices[2*i+1].normal   = D3DXVECTOR3( sinf(theta), 0.0f, cosf(theta) );
}

http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%BC%EA%B0%81%ED%95%A8%EC%88%98

앞의 샘플코드를 사용해 정점 버퍼를 원기둥의 정점으로 묻으면 정점 버퍼는 렌더링 할 수 있게 됩니다. 
다만, 이 신의 매터리얼과 라이트는 원기둥을 렌더링하기 전에 미리 설정해둘 필요가 있습니다. 
이것에 대해서는「2 - 매터리얼과 라이트 설정」에서 설명합니다.

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이센스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

이 튜토리얼에서는 행렬의 개념을 소개하고, 행렬의 사용방법을 보여줍니다. Vertices 샘플 프로젝트에서는 2D의 정점을 렌더링하고 삼각형을 드로우했습니다. 그리고, 이 튜토리얼에서는 3D 정점의 트랜스폼을 처리합니다. 행렬은 카메라와 뷰포트의 셋업에도 사용됩니다.

Matrices 샘플 프로젝트에서는 지오메트리의 렌더링을 실행하기 전에 애플리케이션 정의의 SetupMatrices 함수를 호출해 3D 삼각형의 렌더링에 사용하는 행렬 트랜스폼의 작성과 정의를 실행합니다. 이들 타입의 트랜스폼은 통상 3D 신의 경우에 설정됩니다. 이들 일반적인 각각의 트랜스폼을 작성하는 것을 다루도록 하겠습니다.


==========================
[DX9] 3.행렬의 사용방법 1 - 월드 트랜스폼 행렬 정의

D3DXMATRIX matWorld;
D3DXMatrixRotationY( &matWorld, timeGetTime()/150.0f );
g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform( D3DTS_WORLD, &matWorld );

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이센스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

Direct3D로 기술된 애플리케이션에서는 정점을 사용해,지오메트리 쉐이프를 그립니다. 각 3차원(3D) 신에는 이들 지오메트리 쉐이프가 1개 이상 포함되어 있습니다. Vertices 샘플 프로젝트에서는 가장 단순한 쉐이프인 삼각형을 작성해 그것을 렌더링해 표시합니다.

이 튜토리얼에서는 다음 스텝에 따라 정점을 사용해 삼각형을 작성하는 방법을 보여줍니다.

=================
[DX9] 2.정점의 렌더링 1 - 커스텀 정점 타입의 정의

Vertices 샘플 프로젝트는 3개의 정점(vertex; vertices(복수형))을 사용해 2D 삼각형을 렌더링 합니다. 이것은 정점 버퍼(vertex buffer)의 개념, 다시말해 정점을 격납해 렌더링 하기위해 사용되는 Direct3D 오브젝트를 도입하고 있습니다. 정점의 정의하는 방법은 다양하며, 커스텀 정점 구조체와 대응하는 커스텀 플렉서블 정점 포맷(FVF)을 지정하는 등 다양한 방법이 있습니다. Vertices 샘플 프로젝트의 정점 포맷을 다음 샘플 코드에 나타냈습니다.

struct CUSTOMVERTEX
{
    FLOAT x, y, z, rhw; // The transformed position for the vertex.
    DWORD color;        // The vertex color.
};

#define D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZRHW|D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이센스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

이 안에 다있음 ㅡㅅ-);

game_bt01.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK,ox_01);
game_bt02.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK,ox_02);
game_bt03.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK,ox_03);
game_bt04.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK,ox_04);

function ox_01(event:MouseEvent) :void {
 game_bt01.alpha = 1;
 stop();
 setTimeout(function() { gotoAndPlay(26); }, 600);

}

function ox_02(event:MouseEvent) :void {
 game_bt02.alpha = 1;
}
function ox_03(event:MouseEvent) :void {
 game_bt03.alpha = 1;
}
function ox_04(event:MouseEvent) :void {
 game_bt04.alpha = 1;
}

이 저작물은 크리에이티브 커먼즈 코리아 저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 라이센스에 따라 이용하실 수 있습니다.

(gdb) help

List of classes of commands:

aliases -- Aliases of other commands

breakpoints -- Making program stop at certain points

data -- Examining data

files -- Specifying and examining files

internals -- Maintenance commands

obscure -- Obscure features

running -- Running the program

stack -- Examining the stack

status -- Status inquiries

support -- Support facilities

tracepoints -- Tracing of program execution without stopping the program

user-defined -- User-defined commands

Type "help" followed by a class name for a list of commands in that class.

Type "help" followed by command name for full documentation.

Command name abbreviations are allowed if unambiguous.

===========

(gdb) help all

ni -- Step one instruction

si -- Step one instruction exactly

stepping -- Specify single-stepping behavior at a tracepoint

tp -- Set a tracepoint at a specified line or function or address

tty -- Set terminal for future runs of program being debugged

where -- Print backtrace of all stack frames

ws -- Specify single-stepping behavior at a tracepoint

append binary -- Append target code/data to a raw binary file

append memory -- Append contents of memory to a raw binary file

append value -- Append the value of an expression to a raw binary file

awatch -- Set a watchpoint for an expression

break -- Set breakpoint at specified line or function

catch -- Set catchpoints to catch events

clear -- Clear breakpoint at specified line or function

commands -- Set commands to be executed when a breakpoint is hit

condition -- Specify breakpoint number N to break only if COND is true

delete -- Delete some breakpoints or auto-display expressions

disable -- Disable some breakpoints

enable -- Enable some breakpoints

future-break -- Set breakpoint at expression

hbreak -- Set a hardware assisted  breakpoint

ignore -- Set ignore-count of breakpoint number N to COUNT

rbreak -- Set a breakpoint for all functions matching REGEXP

rwatch -- Set a read watchpoint for an expression

save-breakpoints -- Save current breakpoint definitions as a script

tbreak -- Set a temporary breakpoint

tcatch -- Set temporary catchpoints to catch events

thbreak -- Set a temporary hardware assisted breakpoint

watch -- Set a watchpoint for an expression

append -- Append target code/data to a local file

call -- Call a function in the program

disassemble -- Disassemble a specified section of memory

display -- Print value of expression EXP each time the program stops

dump -- Dump target code/data to a local file

inspect -- Same as "print" command

invoke-block -- Invoke the function associated with the block passed in as the first

mem -- Define attributes for memory region

output -- Like "print" but don't put in value history and don't print newline

print -- Print value of expression EXP

print-object -- Ask an Objective-C object to print itself

printf -- Printf "printf format string"

ptype -- Print definition of type TYPE

restore -- Restore the contents of FILE to target memory

set -- Evaluate expression EXP and assign result to variable VAR

undisplay -- Cancel some expressions to be displayed when program stops

whatis -- Print data type of expression EXP

x -- Examine memory: x/FMT ADDRESS

delete breakpoints -- Delete some breakpoints or auto-display expressions

delete checkpoints -- Delete specified checkpoints

delete display -- Cancel some expressions to be displayed when program stops

delete mem -- Delete memory region

delete tracepoints -- Delete specified tracepoints

disable breakpoints -- Disable some breakpoints

disable display -- Disable some expressions to be displayed when program stops

disable mem -- Disable memory region

disable tracepoints -- Disable specified tracepoints

dump binary -- Write target code/data to a raw binary file

dump ihex -- Write target code/data to an intel hex file

dump memory -- Write contents of memory to a raw binary file

dump srec -- Write target code/data to an srec file

dump tekhex -- Write target code/data to a tekhex file

dump value -- Write the value of an expression to a raw binary file

enable delete -- Enable breakpoints and delete when hit

enable display -- Enable some expressions to be displayed when program stops

enable mem -- Enable memory region

enable once -- Enable breakpoints for one hit

enable tracepoints -- Enable specified tracepoints

add-dsym -- Usage: add-dsym DSYM_FILE

add-kext -- Usage: add-kext KEXTBUNDLE

add-shared-symbol-files -- Load the symbols from shared objects in the dynamic linker's link map

add-symbol-file -- Usage: add-symbol-file FILE ADDR [-s <SECT> <SECT_ADDR> -s <SECT> <SECT_ADDR>

cd -- Set working directory to DIR for debugger and program being debugged

core-file -- Use FILE as core dump for examining memory and registers

directory -- Add directory DIR to beginning of search path for source files

edit -- Edit specified file or function

exec-file -- Use FILE as program for getting contents of pure memory

file -- Use FILE as program to be debugged

fix -- Bring in a fixed objfile

forward-search -- Search for regular expression (see regex(3)) from last line listed

list -- List specified function or line

load -- Dynamically load FILE into the running program

nosharedlibrary -- Unload all shared object library symbols

path -- Add directory DIR(s) to beginning of search path for object files

pwd -- Print working directory

remove-symbol-file -- Usage: remove-symbol-file FILE

reread-symbols -- Usage: reread-symbols

reverse-search -- Search backward for regular expression (see regex(3)) from last line listed

search -- Search for regular expression (see regex(3)) from last line listed

section -- Change the base address of section SECTION of the exec file to ADDR

symbol-file -- Load symbol table from executable file FILE

info address -- Describe where symbol SYM is stored

info all-registers -- List of all registers and their contents

info args -- Argument variables of current stack frame

info auxv -- Display the inferior's auxiliary vector

info breakpoints -- Status of user-settable breakpoints

info catch -- Exceptions that can be caught in the current stack frame

info checkpoints -- Help

info classes -- All Objective-C classes

info common -- Print out the values contained in a Fortran COMMON block

info copying -- Conditions for redistributing copies of GDB

info dcache -- Print information on the dcache performance

info display -- Expressions to display when program stops

info extensions -- All filename extensions associated with a source language

info files -- Names of targets and files being debugged

info float -- Print the status of the floating point unit

info fork -- Help

info frame -- All about selected stack frame

info functions -- All function names

info gc-references -- List the garbage collectors references for a given address

info gc-roots -- List the garbage collector's shortest unique roots to a given address

info handle -- What debugger does when program gets various signals

info interpreters -- List the interpreters currently available in gdb

info line -- Core addresses of the code for a source line

info locals -- Local variables of current stack frame

info mach-port -- Get info on a specific port

info mach-ports -- Get list of ports in a task

info mach-region -- Get information on mach region at given address

info mach-regions -- Get information on all mach region for the current inferior

info mach-task -- Get info on a specific task

info mach-tasks -- Get list of tasks in system

info mach-thread -- Get info on a specific thread

info mach-threads -- Get list of threads in a task

info macro -- Show the definition of MACRO

info malloc-history -- List the stack(s) where malloc or free occurred for the address

info mem -- Memory region attributes

info pid -- Process ID of the program

info plugins -- Show current plug-ins state

info program -- Execution status of the program

info registers -- List of integer registers and their contents

info scope -- List the variables local to a scope

info selectors -- All Objective-C selectors

info set -- Show all GDB settings

info sharedlibrary -- Generic command for shlib information

info signals -- What debugger does when program gets various signals

info source -- Information about the current source file

info sources -- Source files in the program

info stack -- Backtrace of the stack

info symbol -- Describe what symbol is at location ADDR

info target -- Names of targets and files being debugged

info task -- Get information on task

info terminal -- Print inferior's saved terminal status

info thread -- Get information on thread

info threads -- IDs of currently known threads

info tracepoints -- Status of tracepoints

info trampoline -- Resolve function for DYLD trampoline stub and/or Objective-C call

info types -- All type names

info variables -- All global and static variable names

info vector -- Print the status of the vector unit

info warranty -- Various kinds of warranty you do not have

info watchpoints -- Synonym for ``info breakpoints''

flushregs -- Force gdb to flush its register cache (maintainer command)

flushstack -- Force gdb to flush its stack-frame cache (maintainer command)

maintenance -- Commands for use by GDB maintainers

macro define -- Define a new C/C++ preprocessor macro

macro expand -- Fully expand any C/C++ preprocessor macro invocations in EXPRESSION

macro expand-once -- Expand C/C++ preprocessor macro invocations appearing directly in EXPRESSION

macro list -- List all the macros defined using the `macro define' command

macro undef -- Remove the definition of the C/C++ preprocessor macro with the given name

maintenance agent -- Translate an expression into remote agent bytecode

maintenance check-symtabs -- Check consistency of psymtabs and symtabs

maintenance cplus -- C++ maintenance commands

maintenance demangle -- Demangle a C++/ObjC mangled name

maintenance deprecate -- Deprecate a command

maintenance dump-me -- Get fatal error; make debugger dump its core

maintenance dump-packets -- Print the packet log buffer

maintenance i386-prologue-parser -- Run the i386 prologue analyzer on a function

maintenance info -- Commands for showing internal info about the program being debugged

maintenance internal-error -- Give GDB an internal error

maintenance internal-warning -- Give GDB an internal warning

maintenance interval -- Set the report of low-level interval timers

maintenance list-kexts -- List kexts loaded by the kernel (when kernel debugging)

maintenance packet -- Send an arbitrary packet to a remote target

maintenance print -- Maintenance command for printing GDB internal state

maintenance report-interval -- Report the summary values for all the low-level interval timers

maintenance set -- Set GDB internal variables used by the GDB maintainer

maintenance sharedlibrary -- Commands for internal sharedlibrary manipulation

maintenance show -- Show GDB internal variables used by the GDB maintainer

maintenance show-debug-regs -- Set whether to show variables that mirror the x86 debug registers

maintenance space -- Set the display of space usage

maintenance time -- Set the display of time usage

maintenance translate-address -- Translate a section name and address to a symbol

maintenance undeprecate -- Undeprecate a command

compare-sections -- Compare section data on target to the exec file

complete -- List the completions for the rest of the line as a command

create-checkpoint -- Create a checkpoint

load-plugin -- Usage: load-plugin <plugin>

monitor -- Send a command to the remote monitor (remote targets only)

now -- Go to latest original execution line

redo -- Forward to next checkpoint

remote -- Send a command to the remote monitor

rollback -- Roll back to a checkpoint

stop -- There is no `stop' command

undo -- Back to last checkpoint

update -- Re-read current state information from inferior

overlay auto -- Enable automatic overlay debugging

overlay list-overlays -- List mappings of overlay sections

overlay load-target -- Read the overlay mapping state from the target

overlay manual -- Enable overlay debugging

overlay map-overlay -- Assert that an overlay section is mapped

overlay off -- Disable overlay debugging

overlay unmap-overlay -- Assert that an overlay section is unmapped

advance -- Continue the program up to the given location (same form as args for break command)

attach -- Attach to a process or file outside of GDB

continue -- Continue program being debugged

detach -- Detach a process or file previously attached

disconnect -- Disconnect from a target

finish -- Execute until selected stack frame returns

handle -- Specify how to handle a signal

interrupt -- Interrupt the execution of the debugged program

jump -- Continue program being debugged at specified line or address

kdp-detach -- Reset a (possibly disconnected) remote Mac OS X kernel

kdp-kernelversion -- Print the version of a remote Mac OS X kernel

kdp-reattach -- Re-attach to a (possibly connected) remote Mac OS X kernel

kdp-reboot -- Reboot a connected remote Mac OS X kernel

kill -- Kill execution of program being debugged

next -- Step program

nexti -- Step one instruction

run -- Start debugged program

sharedlibrary -- Commands for shared library manipulation

signal -- Continue program giving it signal specified by the argument

start -- Run the debugged program until the beginning of the main procedure

step -- Step program until it reaches a different source line

stepi -- Step one instruction exactly

sym-dump -- Print the contents of the specified SYM-format symbol file

target -- Connect to a target machine or process

thread -- Use this command to switch between threads

until -- Execute until the program reaches a source line greater than the current

set annotate -- Set annotation_level

set architecture -- Set architecture of target

set args -- Set argument list to give program being debugged when it is started

set auto-raise-load-levels -- Set if GDB should raise the symbol loading level on all frames found in backtraces

set auto-solib-add -- Set autoloading of shared library symbols

set backtrace -- Set backtrace specific variables

set breakpoint -- Breakpoint specific settings

set call-po-at-unsafe-times -- Set whether to override the check for potentially unsafe situations before calling print-object

set can-use-hw-watchpoints -- Set debugger's willingness to use watchpoint hardware

set case-sensitive -- Set case sensitivity in name search

set charset -- Set the host and target character sets

set check -- Set the status of the type/range checker

set checkpointing -- Set automatic creation of checkpoints

set coerce-float-to-double -- Set coercion of floats to doubles when calling functions

set complaints -- Set max number of complaints about incorrect symbols

set confirm -- Set whether to confirm potentially dangerous operations

set cp-abi -- Set the ABI used for inspecting C++ objects

set darwin_kernel-debug-level -- Set level of verbosity for Darwin Kernel debugging information

set dcache-linesize-power -- Set the power for the cache line size

set debug -- Generic command for setting gdb debugging flags

set debug-file-directory -- Set the directory where separate debug symbols are searched for

set debugvarobj -- Set varobj debugging

set demangle-style -- Set the current C++ demangling style

set disable-aslr -- Set if GDB should disable shared library address randomization

set disable-inferior-function-calls -- Set disabling of gdb from running calls in the debugee's context

set disassembly-flavor -- Set the disassembly flavor

set disassembly-name-length -- Set the maximum length of characters to print in the symbol name in disassembly output

set download-write-size -- Set the write size used when downloading a program

set editing -- Set editing of command lines as they are typed

set endian -- Set endianness of target

set environment -- Set environment variable value to give the program

set exception-catch-type-regexp -- Set exception regexp

set exception-throw-type-regexp -- Set throw regexp

set exec-argv0 -- Set the value of argv[0] to be passed to the target executable

set exec-done-display -- Set notification of completion for asynchronous execution commands

set exec-pathname -- Set the pathname to be used to start the target executable

set extension-language -- Set mapping between filename extension and source language

set follow-fork-mode -- Set debugger response to a program call of fork or vfork

set forking-checkpoints -- Set forking to create checkpoints

set function-end-absolute -- Set if N_FUN end-of-function symbols use absolute addresses on non-GCC files

set gnutarget -- (Set the current BFD target

set height -- Set number of lines gdb thinks are in a page

set history -- Generic command for setting command history parameters

set host-charset -- Set the host character set

set inferior-auto-start-cfm -- Set if GDB should enable debugging of CFM shared libraries

set inferior-auto-start-dyld -- Set if GDB should enable debugging of dyld shared libraries

set inferior-bind-exception-port -- Set if GDB should bind the task exception port

set inferior-ptrace -- Set if GDB should attach to the subprocess using ptrace ()

set inferior-ptrace-on-attach -- Set if GDB should attach to the subprocess using ptrace ()

set inferior-tty -- Set terminal for future runs of program being debugged

set inform-optimized -- Set gdb informing you when you are debugging optimized code

set inlined-stepping -- Set the ability to maneuver through inlined function calls as if they were normal calls

set input-radix -- Set default input radix for entering numbers

set interpreter -- Set the interpreter for gdb

set kdp-debug-level -- Set level of verbosity for KDP debugging information

set kdp-default-host-type -- Set CPU type to be used for hosts providing incorrect information (powerpc/ia32)

set kdp-default-port -- Set default UDP port on which to attempt to contact KDP

set kdp-exception-sequence-number -- Set current sequence number for KDP exception transactions

set kdp-retries -- Set number of UDP retries for (non-exception) KDP transactions

set kdp-sequence-number -- Set current sequence number for KDP transactions

set kdp-timeout -- Set UDP timeout in milliseconds for (non-exception) KDP transactions

set kext-symbol-file-path -- Set the directory where kextutil-generated sym files are searched for

set language -- Set the current source language

set let-po-run-all-threads -- Set whether po should run all threads if it can't  safely run only the current thread

set listsize -- Set number of source lines gdb will list by default

set locate-dsym -- Set locate dSYM files using the DebugSymbols framework

set logging -- Set logging options

set lookup-objc-class -- Set whether we should attempt to lookup Obj-C classes when we resolve symbols

set mach-o-process-exports -- Set if GDB should process indirect function stub symbols from object files

set max-checkpoints -- Set the maximum number of checkpoints allowed (-1 == unlimited)

set max-user-call-depth -- Set the max call depth for user-defined commands

set mi-show-protections -- Set whether to show "public"

set mi-timings-enabled -- Set whether timing information is displayed for mi commands

set minimal-signal-handling -- Set whether we run with a minimal signal handling set

set mmap-string-tables -- Set if GDB should use mmap() to read STABS info

set mmap-symbol-files -- Set if GDB should use mmap() to read from external symbol files

set objc-class-method-limit -- Set the maximum number of class methods we scan before deciding we are looking at an uninitialized object

set objc-exceptions-interrupt-hand-call-fns -- Set whether hitting an ObjC exception throw interrupts a function called by hand from the debugger

set objc-non-blocking-mode -- Set whether all inferior function calls should use the objc non-blocking mode

set objc-version -- Set the current Objc runtime version

set opaque-type-resolution -- Set resolution of opaque struct/class/union types (if set before loading symbols)

set os -- Set operating system

set osabi -- Set OS ABI of target

set output-radix -- Set default output radix for printing of values

set overload-resolution -- Set overload resolution in evaluating C++ functions

set pagination -- Set state of pagination

set pathname-substitutions -- Set string substitutions to be used when searching for source files

set print -- Generic command for setting how things print

set prompt -- Set gdb's prompt

set radix -- Set default input and output number radices

set read-type-psyms -- Set if we should create partial symbols for types

set remote -- Remote protocol specific variables

set remoteaddresssize -- Set the maximum size of the address (in bits) in a memory packet

set remotebaud -- Set baud rate for remote serial I/O

set remotebreak -- Set whether to send break if interrupted

set remotecache -- Set cache use for remote targets

set remotedevice -- Set device for remote serial I/O

set remotelogbase -- Set numerical base for remote session logging

set remotelogfile -- Set filename for remote session recording

set remotetimeout -- Set timeout limit to wait for target to respond

set remotewritesize -- Set the maximum number of bytes per memory write packet (deprecated)

set restore -- Set restore specific command settings

set scheduler-locking -- Set mode for locking scheduler during execution

set serial -- Set default serial/parallel port configuration

set sharedlibrary -- Generic command for setting shlib settings

set shlib-path-substitutions -- Set path substitutions to be used when loading shared libraries

set show_breakpoint_hit_counts -- Set if GDB should show breakpoint hit counts

set solib-absolute-prefix -- Set prefix for loading absolute shared library symbol files

set solib-search-path -- Set the search path for loading non-absolute shared library symbol files

set start-with-shell -- Set if GDB should use shell to invoke inferior (performs argument expansion in shell)

set step-mode -- Set mode of the step operation

set stop-on-solib-events -- Set stopping for shared library events

set struct-convention -- Set the convention for returning small structs

set subsystem-checkpointing -- Set checkpointing of subsystems

set symbol-reloading -- Set dynamic symbol table reloading multiple times in one run

set target-charset -- Set the target character set

set target-function-call-timeout -- Set a timeout for gdb issued function calls in the target program

set trust-readonly-sections -- Set mode for reading from readonly sections

set unwindonsignal -- Set unwinding of stack if a signal is received while in a call dummy

set use-array-stride -- Set if GDB should honor the 'stride' parameter of array types

set use-eh-frame-info -- Set if GDB should use the EH frame/DWARF CFI information to backtrace

set variable -- Evaluate expression EXP and assign result to variable VAR

set varobj-print-object -- Set varobj to construct children using the most specific class type

set varobj-runs-all-threads -- Set to run all threads when evaluating varobjs

set verbose -- Set verbosity

set watchdog -- Set watchdog timer

set width -- Set number of characters gdb thinks are in a line

set write -- Set writing into executable and core files

sharedlibrary add-symbol-file -- Add a symbol file

sharedlibrary apply-load-rules -- Apply the current load-rules to the existing shared library state

sharedlibrary cache-symfile -- Generate persistent caches of symbol files for a specified executable

sharedlibrary cache-symfiles -- Generate persistent caches of symbol files for the current executable state

sharedlibrary remove-symbol-file -- Remove a symbol file

sharedlibrary section-info -- Get the section info for a library (given by the index from "info sharedlibrary")

sharedlibrary set-load-state -- Set the load level of a library (given by the index from "info sharedlibrary")

sharedlibrary update -- Process all pending DYLD events

show annotate -- Show annotation_level

show architecture -- Show architecture of target

show args -- Show argument list to give program being debugged when it is started

show auto-raise-load-levels -- Show if GDB should raise the symbol loading level on all frames found in backtraces

show auto-solib-add -- Show autoloading of shared library symbols

show backtrace -- Show backtrace specific variables

show breakpoint -- Breakpoint specific settings

show call-po-at-unsafe-times -- Show whether to override the check for potentially unsafe situations before calling print-object

show can-use-hw-watchpoints -- Show debugger's willingness to use watchpoint hardware

show case-sensitive -- Show case sensitivity in name search

show charset -- Show the host and target character sets

show check -- Show the status of the type/range checker

show checkpointing -- Show automatic creation of checkpoints

show coerce-float-to-double -- Show coercion of floats to doubles when calling functions

show commands -- Show the history of commands you typed

show complaints -- Show max number of complaints about incorrect symbols

show confirm -- Show whether to confirm potentially dangerous operations

show convenience -- Debugger convenience ("$foo") variables

show copying -- Conditions for redistributing copies of GDB

show cp-abi -- Show the ABI used for inspecting C++ objects

show darwin_kernel-debug-level -- Show level of verbosity for Darwin Kernel debugging information

show dcache-linesize-power -- Show the power for the cache line size

show debug -- Generic command for showing gdb debugging flags

show debug-file-directory -- Show the directory where separate debug symbols are searched for

show debugvarobj -- Show varobj debugging

show demangle-style -- Show the current C++ demangling style

show directories -- Current search path for finding source files

show disable-aslr -- Show if GDB should disable shared library address randomization

show disable-inferior-function-calls -- Show disabling of gdb from running calls in the debugee's context

show disassembly-flavor -- Show the disassembly flavor

show disassembly-name-length -- Show the maximum length of characters to print in the symbol name in disassembly output

show download-write-size -- Show the write size used when downloading a program

show editing -- Show editing of command lines as they are typed

show endian -- Show endianness of target

show environment -- The environment to give the program

show exception-catch-type-regexp -- Show exception regexp

show exception-throw-type-regexp -- Show throw regexp

show exec-argv0 -- X

show exec-done-display -- Show notification of completion for asynchronous execution commands

show exec-pathname -- Show the pathname to be used to start the target executable

show extension-language -- Show mapping between filename extension and source language

show follow-fork-mode -- Show debugger response to a program call of fork or vfork

show forking-checkpoints -- Show forking to create checkpoints

show function-end-absolute -- Show if N_FUN end-of-function symbols use absolute addresses on non-GCC files

show gnutarget -- Show the current BFD target

show height -- Show number of lines gdb thinks are in a page

show history -- Generic command for showing command history parameters

show host-charset -- Show the host character set

show inferior-auto-start-cfm -- Show if GDB should enable debugging of CFM shared libraries

show inferior-auto-start-dyld -- Show if GDB should enable debugging of dyld shared libraries

show inferior-bind-exception-port -- Show if GDB should bind the task exception port

show inferior-ptrace -- Show if GDB should attach to the subprocess using ptrace ()

show inferior-ptrace-on-attach -- Show if GDB should attach to the subprocess using ptrace ()

show inferior-tty -- Show terminal for future runs of program being debugged

show inform-optimized -- Show gdb informing you when you are debugging optimized code

show inlined-stepping -- Show the ability to maneuver through inlined function calls as if they were normal calls

show input-radix -- Show default input radix for entering numbers

show interpreter -- Show the interpreter for gdb

show kdp-debug-level -- Show level of verbosity for KDP debugging information

show kdp-default-host-type -- Show CPU type to be used for hosts providing incorrect information (powerpc/ia32)

show kdp-default-port -- Show default UDP port on which to attempt to contact KDP

show kdp-exception-sequence-number -- Show current sequence number for KDP exception transactions

show kdp-retries -- Show number of UDP retries for (non-exception) KDP transactions

show kdp-sequence-number -- Show current sequence number for KDP transactions

show kdp-timeout -- Show UDP timeout in milliseconds for (non-exception) KDP transactions

show kext-symbol-file-path -- Show the directory where kextutil-generated sym files are searched for

show language -- Show the current source language

show let-po-run-all-threads -- Show whether po should run all threads if it can't  safely run only the current thread

show listsize -- Show number of source lines gdb will list by default

show locate-dsym -- Show locate dSYM files using the DebugSymbols framework

show logging -- Show logging options

show lookup-objc-class -- Show whether we should attempt to lookup Obj-C classes when we resolve symbols

show mach-o-process-exports -- Show if GDB should process indirect function stub symbols from object files

show max-checkpoints -- Show the maximum number of checkpoints allowed (-1 == unlimited)

show max-user-call-depth -- Show the max call depth for user-defined commands

show mi-show-protections -- Show whether to show "public"

show mi-timings-enabled -- Show whether timing information is displayed for mi commands

show minimal-signal-handling -- Show whether we run with a minimal signal handling set

show mmap-string-tables -- Show if GDB should use mmap() to read STABS info

show mmap-symbol-files -- Show if GDB should use mmap() to read from external symbol files

show objc-class-method-limit -- Show the maximum number of class methods we scan before deciding we are looking at an uninitialized object

show objc-exceptions-interrupt-hand-call-fns -- Show whether hitting an ObjC exception throw interrupts a function called by hand from the debugger

show objc-non-blocking-mode -- Show whether all inferior function calls should use the objc non-blocking mode

show objc-version -- Show the current Objc runtime version

show opaque-type-resolution -- Show resolution of opaque struct/class/union types (if set before loading symbols)

show os -- Show operating system

show osabi -- Show OS ABI of target

show output-radix -- Show default output radix for printing of values

show overload-resolution -- Show overload resolution in evaluating C++ functions

show pagination -- Show state of pagination

show pathname-substitutions -- Show string substitutions to be used when searching for source files

show paths -- Current search path for finding object files

show print -- Generic command for showing print settings

show prompt -- Show gdb's prompt

show radix -- Show the default input and output number radices

show read-type-psyms -- Show if we should create partial symbols for types

show remote -- Remote protocol specific variables

show remoteaddresssize -- Show the maximum size of the address (in bits) in a memory packet

show remotebaud -- Show baud rate for remote serial I/O

show remotebreak -- Show whether to send break if interrupted

show remotecache -- Show cache use for remote targets

show remotedevice -- Show device for remote serial I/O

show remotelogbase -- Show numerical base for remote session logging

show remotelogfile -- Show filename for remote session recording

show remotetimeout -- Show timeout limit to wait for target to respond

show remotewritesize -- Show the maximum number of bytes per memory write packet (deprecated)

show restore -- Show current restore specific command settings

show scheduler-locking -- Show mode for locking scheduler during execution

show serial -- Show default serial/parallel port configuration

show sharedlibrary -- Generic command for showing shlib settings

show shlib-path-substitutions -- Show path substitutions to be used when loading shared libraries

show show_breakpoint_hit_counts -- Set if GDB should show breakpoint hit counts

show solib-absolute-prefix -- Show prefix for loading absolute shared library symbol files

show solib-search-path -- Show the search path for loading non-absolute shared library symbol files

show start-with-shell -- Show if GDB should use shell to invoke inferior (performs argument expansion in shell)

show step-mode -- Show mode of the step operation

show stop-on-solib-events -- Show stopping for shared library events

show struct-convention -- Show the convention for returning small structs

show subsystem-checkpointing -- Show checkpointing of subsystems

show symbol-reloading -- Show dynamic symbol table reloading multiple times in one run

show target-charset -- Show the target character set

show target-function-call-timeout -- Show the timeout for gdb issued function calls in the target program

show trust-readonly-sections -- Show mode for reading from readonly sections

show unwindonsignal -- Show unwinding of stack if a signal is received while in a call dummy

show use-array-stride -- Show if GDB should honor the 'stride' parameter of array types

show use-eh-frame-info -- Show if GDB should use the EH frame/DWARF CFI information to backtrace

show user -- Show definitions of user defined commands

show values -- Elements of value history around item number IDX (or last ten)

show varobj-print-object -- Abc

show varobj-runs-all-threads -- Set to run all threads when evaluating varobjs

show verbose -- Show verbosity

show version -- Show what version of GDB this is

show warranty -- Various kinds of warranty you do not have

show watchdog -- Show watchdog timer

show width -- Show number of characters gdb thinks are in a line

show write -- Show writing into executable and core files

backtrace -- Print backtrace of all stack frames

bt -- Print backtrace of all stack frames

down -- Select and print stack frame called by this one

frame -- Select and print a stack frame

return -- Make selected stack frame return to its caller

select-frame -- Select a stack frame without printing anything

up -- Select and print stack frame that called this one

info -- Generic command for showing things about the program being debugged

macro -- Prefix for commands dealing with C preprocessor macros

show -- Generic command for showing things about the debugger

apropos -- Search for commands matching a REGEXP

define -- Define a new command name

document -- Document a user-defined command

dont-repeat -- Don't repeat this command

down-silently -- Same as the `down' command

echo -- Print a constant string

help -- Print list of commands

if -- Execute nested commands once IF the conditional expression is non zero

interpreter-exec -- Execute a command in an interpreter

make -- Run the ``make'' program using the rest of the line as arguments

open -- Open the named source file in an application determined by LaunchServices

overlay -- Commands for debugging overlays

quit -- Exit gdb

shell -- Execute the rest of the line as a shell command

source -- Read commands from a file named FILE

up-silently -- Same as the `up' command

while -- Execute nested commands WHILE the conditional expression is non zero

target async -- Use a remote computer via a serial line

target child -- Unix child process (started by the "run" command)

target core-macho -- Use a core file as a target

target darwin-kernel -- Debug a running Darwin kernel; use 'attach' to begin

target exec -- Use an executable file as a target

target extended-async -- Use a remote computer via a serial line

target extended-remote -- Use a remote computer via a serial line

target macos-child -- Mac OS X child process (started by the "run" command)

target macos-exec -- Mac OS X executable

target remote -- Use a remote computer via a serial line

target remote-kdp -- Remotely debug a Mac OS X system using KDP

target remote-macosx -- Connect to a remote macosx device with shared library support using remote target

target remote-mobile -- Connect to a remote mobile device

tfind end -- Synonym for 'none'

tfind line -- Select a trace frame by source line

tfind none -- De-select any trace frame and resume 'live' debugging

tfind outside -- Select a trace frame whose PC is outside the given range

tfind pc -- Select a trace frame by PC

tfind range -- Select a trace frame whose PC is in the given range

tfind start -- Select the first trace frame in the trace buffer

tfind tracepoint -- Select a trace frame by tracepoint number

thread apply -- Apply a command to a list of threads

thread dont-suspend-while-stepping -- Usage: on|off <THREAD ID>|-port <EXPR>Toggle whether to not suspend this thread while single stepping the target on or off

thread resume -- Decrement the suspend count of a thread

thread suspend -- Increment the suspend count of a thread

actions -- Specify the actions to be taken at a tracepoint

collect -- Specify one or more data items to be collected at a tracepoint

end -- Ends a list of commands or actions

passcount -- Set the passcount for a tracepoint

save-tracepoints -- Save current tracepoint definitions as a script

tdump -- Print everything collected at the current tracepoint

tfind -- Select a trace frame;

trace -- Set a tracepoint at a specified line or function or address

tstart -- Start trace data collection

tstatus -- Display the status of the current trace data collection

tstop -- Stop trace data collection

while-stepping -- Specify single-stepping behavior at a tracepoint

unset environment -- Cancel environment variable VAR for the program

(gdb)

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